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{{Update|[[The Written Word]]}}
{{Aurebesh
{{Aurebesh
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{{Quote|These symbols are in our own language&mdash;Aurebesh&hellip;|[[Je'daii Temple Master]] [[Quan-Jang]]|<ref name="Dawn of the Jedi: Force Storm 3">[[Dawn of the Jedi: Force Storm 3|''Dawn of the Jedi: Force Storm'' 3]]</ref>}}
'''Aurebesh''' was a [[writing system]] commonly used to represent the [[Galactic Basic Standard/Legends|Basic]] [[Language/Legends|language]]. Its name was a portmanteau of its first two letters, [[Aurek/Legends|Aurek]] and [[Besh/Legends|Besh]]. Aurebesh was commonly used by major governments from the [[Galactic Empire/Legends|Galactic Empire]] to the [[Confederacy of Independent Systems/Legends|Confederacy of Independent Systems]].
'''Aurebesh''' was a [[writing system]] commonly used to represent the [[Galactic Basic Standard/Legends|Basic]] [[Language/Legends|language]]. Its name was a portmanteau of its first two letters, [[Aurek/Legends|Aurek]] and [[Besh/Legends|Besh]]. Aurebesh was commonly used by major governments from the [[Galactic Empire/Legends|Galactic Empire]] to the [[Confederacy of Independent Systems/Legends|Confederacy of Independent Systems]].
==History==
[[File:RevanfindsStarMap.png|thumb|left|A Rakatan Star Map bearing pre&ndash;Aurebesh letters]]
{{Quote|These symbols are a designation&mdash;marked on our skin by our Rakatan masters.|The [[Force Hound]] [[Tau (individual)|Xesh]]|<ref name="Dawn of the Jedi: Force War 2">[[Dawn of the Jedi: Force War 2|''Dawn of the Jedi: Force War'' 2]]</ref>}}
Aurebesh was thought to have been derived from the [[Rakatan writing system|writing system]] of the [[Rakata/Legends|Rakatan]] [[Infinite Empire]], introduced to [[The galaxy/Legends|the galaxy]] at large during that Empire's reign. It spread during the [[Alsakan Conflicts/Legends|Alsakan Conflicts]] approximately [[17,000 BBY|17,000]] [[Standard year/Legends|years]] before the [[Battle of Yavin/Legends|Battle of Yavin]].<ref name="WW">''[[The Written Word]]''</ref> However, already by [[25,793 BBY]], Aurebesh was used by the inhabitants of the [[Settled Worlds]], prior to their first contact with the Rakata. When contact was made, the Rakatan Aurebesh was apparently identical to that used in the Settled Worlds.<ref>[[Dawn of the Jedi: Force Storm 3|''Dawn of the Jedi: Force Storm'' 3]]</ref><ref>[[Dawn of the Jedi: The Prisoner of Bogan 1|''Dawn of the Jedi: The Prisoner of Bogan'' 1]]</ref>
Generally, Aurebesh was considered to be for the common folk, whereas the [[High Galactic alphabet]] was associated with snobbery.<ref name="Scoundrels13">''[[Scoundrels]]'', chapter 13</ref>
[[Luke Skywalker/Legends|Luke Skywalker]] learned to read Aurebesh by the time he was four years old, from a set of old educational [[datatape]]s given to him by his aunt [[Beru Whitesun Lars/Legends|Beru]].<ref>''[[A New Hope: The Life of Luke Skywalker]]'', p. 9</ref>
Aurebesh was extraordinarily common throughout the galaxy. [[Clone trooper/Legends|Clone troopers]] used it to mark their [[Low Altitude Assault Transport/Legends|LAAT gunships]] such as [[Lucky Lekku/Legends|''Lucky Lekku'']] and [[Spaceward Ho!/Legends|''Spaceward Ho!'']], both of which had their names painted on their sides,<ref name="10 Things in TCW 7">{{SWArchive|url=kids/read/cwspotter20080822.html?page=7|text=Checklist: 10 Things to Spot in ''The Clone Wars'' - Gunship Art|archivedate=20080825230145}}</ref><ref>{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode019.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Storm Over Ryloth|archivedate=20110629040524}}</ref>, or the [[Crumb Bomber/Legends|''Crumb Bomber'']], which "Laugh this off" was inscribed on.<ref>{{SWArchive|url=kids/read/cwspotter20080822.html?page=7|text=Checklist: 10 Things to Spot in ''The Clone Wars'' - Gunship Art|archivedate=20080825230145}} – Note that the guide says "Laugh this off!", with an exclamation point</ref> Private starships also sometimes bore their names in Aurebesh, including the [[Freighter/Legends|freighter]] [[Tecora/Legends|''Tecora'']].<ref name="Kidnapped">{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep411|text="Kidnapped" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide"}} {{C|slide 4}}</ref>
Aurebesh text could be seen on the screens of various types of technology, including screens in the cockpits of [[N-1 starfighter/Legends|N-1 starfighters]]<ref name="Episode I">{{Film|I}}</ref>, the [[Confederacy of Independent Systems/Legends|Separatist]] facility known as [[Skytop Station/Legends|Skytop Station]],<ref>{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode007.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Duel of the Droids|archivedate=20110629042554}}</ref> and inside [[Macrobinoculars/Legends|macrobinoculars]].<ref name="Ambush">{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode001.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: "Ambush"|archivedate=20110712020231}}</ref><ref name="EG1">''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars &ndash; The Official Episode Guide: Season 1]]''</ref><ref name="EG1&2">''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars Official Episode Guide Series 1 & 2]]''</ref>. Similarly, the [[Grand Army of the Republic/Legends|Grand Army of the Republic's]] tactical readouts made heavy use of Aurebesh text.<ref name="DoaD">{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode006.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Downfall of a Droid|archivedate=20110711104945}}</ref><ref name="EG1" /><ref name="EG1&2" /> Aurebesh was also used in medical settings<ref name="JC">{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode013.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Jedi Crash|archivedate=20110717065904}}</ref> and on wanted posters found in the [[Jedi Archives/Legends|Jedi Archives]].<ref>{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode211.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Lightsaber Lost|archivedate=20110615135637}}</ref>
The clone trooper [[Sketch/Legends|Sketch]] had a letter [[Senth/Legends|senth]] tattooed across his brow.<ref>''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars Character Encyclopedia]]''</ref> [[Kix/Legends|Kix]]<ref name="TD">{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode210.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: The Deserter|archivedate=20110629042704}}</ref><ref name="EG1&2" /> and the owner of [[Plop Dribble's/Legends|Plop Dribble's]] also had Aurebesh tattoos.<ref>{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep421|text="Brothers" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 7}}</ref> Similarly, the trooper [[CC-6454|Ponds]] wrote "some guys have all the luck" on his armor.<ref name="LoR">{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode021.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Liberty on Ryloth|archivedate=20110717065909}}</ref> Some time after his death, [[CT-5555/Legends|Fives]] and [[CT-21-0408|Echo]] both added decals to their armor that read "[[CT-782/Legends|Hevy]]."<ref>{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode302.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: ARC Troopers|archivedate=20110802055622}}</ref>
The [[Electro-proton bomb/Legends|electro-proton bomb]], attached to [[Goji/Legends|Goji]] and [[Rod/Legends|Rod's]] [[BTL-B Y-wing starfighter|bomber]] and dropped during the [[Battle of Malastare/Legends|Battle of Malastare]] had a warning printed on the nose cone that read "CAUTION ION DETONATOR." The body of the bomb had "CODE SWITCH DESIGNATOR" • "POSITION 1" • "POSITION 2" • "POSITION 3" • "POSITION 4" printed on it and on one of the tail fins, the words "THIS IS FOR YOU [[Dooku/Legends|DOOKU]]" were handwritten.<ref>{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode218.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: The Zillo Beast|archivedate=20110618103523}}</ref>
Buildings were often marked with Aurebesh signs. These included [[Kristall Skull/Legends|Kristall Skull]] on [[Iego/Legends|Iego]],<ref name="MoaTM">{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode018.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Mystery of a Thousand Moons|archivedate=20110808084109}}</ref>, [[Chalmun's Spaceport Cantina/Legends|Chalmun's Spaceport Cantina]] on [[Tatooine/Legends|Tatooine]],<ref>{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode305.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Corruption|archivedate=20110828134217}}</ref>. Many other companies used Aurebesh text on posters<ref name="Deception">{{SW|url=series/clone-wars/deception-trivia-gallery|text=Deception Trivia Gallery}} {{C|Slide 5}}</ref> or billboards, such as one that promoted [[Star Tours/Legends|Star Tours]], which read "STAR TOURS [[Glee Anselm|GLEE ANSELM]] CALL 1-800-555-6576 NOW!"<ref name="Billboard">{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/news20100121ads/index.html|text=Coruscant Billboard from ''The Clone Wars''|archivedate=20100211001635}}</ref>
At [[Hondo Ohnaka's pirate outpost|Hondo Ohnaka's camp]] on [[Florrum/Legends|Florrum]], a huge piece of superstructure read  "HONDO'S SALVAGE" – "PRICES SLASHED" stenciled on it in Aurebesh.<ref>{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep501|text="Revival" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 6}}</ref> Meanwhile, around the time of the [[Bombing of the Jedi Temple Hangar]], protesters carried Aurebesh signs that read "THE JEDI ARE CORRUPT" and "STOP CLONING VIOLENCE!".<ref>{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep517|text="Sabotage" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 8}}</ref>


==Features==
==Features==
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==Sources==
==Sources==
{{Scroll_box|height=400px|content=
{{Mediacat|imagecat=Images of Aurebesh}}
{{Mediacat|imagecat=Images of Aurebesh}}
*''[[Han Solo and the Corporate Sector Sourcebook]]'' {{C|First used to write [[Galactic Basic Standard/Legends|Basic]]}}
*''[[Han Solo and the Corporate Sector Sourcebook]]'' {{C|First used to write [[Galactic Basic Standard/Legends|Basic]]}}
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*''[[The Far Orbit Project]]'' <!-- April 1998 -->
*''[[The Far Orbit Project]]'' <!-- April 1998 -->
*''[[Star Wars: Incredible Cross-Sections]]'' {{C|[[TIE Advanced x1/Legends|TIE Advanced x1]]}} <!-- October 1998 -->
*''[[Star Wars: Incredible Cross-Sections]]'' {{C|[[TIE Advanced x1/Legends|TIE Advanced x1]]}} <!-- October 1998 -->
*{{InsiderCite|58|Star Wars Q&A}}
*{{GamerCite|9|Running the Belt}} <!-- March 2002 -->
*{{GamerCite|9|On Wings of Rogues}}
*{{GamerCite|10|Droid Starships}} <!-- April 19 2002 -->
*''[[Star Wars: Attack of the Clones: The Visual Dictionary]]'' <!-- April 22 2002 -->
*{{InsiderCite|60|Ask Lobot|Star Wars Q&A}} <!-- July/August 2002 -->
*{{InsiderCite|63|Behind the Magic}} <!-- November 2002 -->
*''[[Inside the Worlds of Star Wars: Attack of the Clones]]''<!-- May 2003 -->
*''[[Hero's Guide]]'' <!-- June 2003 -->
*''[[Galactic Campaign Guide]]'' <!-- August 2003 -->
*''[[The New Essential Guide to Vehicles and Vessels]]'' <!-- September 2003 -->
*''[[The New Essential Guide to Weapons and Technology]]'' <!-- October 2004 -->
*''[[Star Wars Chronicles: The Prequels]]'' {{C|[[INS-444 window installation droid]], [[CLE-004 window cleaning droid/Legends|CLE-004 window cleaning droid]]}} <!-- October 2005 -->
*[[Star Wars: Complete Locations (2005)|''Star Wars: Complete Locations'']]
*''[[Star Wars: Empire at War: Prima Official Game Guide]]'' {{Po}} <!-- February 2006 -->
*''[[The New Essential Guide to Droids]]'' <!-- June 2006 -->
*''[[Star Wars: Empire at War: Forces of Corruption Expansion: Prima Official Game Guide]]'' {{Po}} <!-- October 2006 -->
*''[[The New Essential Guide to Alien Species]]'' <!-- October 2006 -->
*{{InsiderCite|90|Ask the Master}} <!-- October 2006-->
*''[[Star Wars: Complete Cross-Sections]]'' {{C|[[TIE Advanced x1/Legends|TIE Advanced x1]]}} <!-- March 2007 -->
*''[[Star Wars: The Complete Visual Dictionary]]'' <!-- September 2007 -->
*''[[Star Wars: A Pop-Up Guide to the Galaxy]]'' <!-- October 2007 -->
*[[Jedi vs. Sith: The Essential Guide to the Force (real-life book)|''Jedi vs. Sith: The Essential Guide to the Force'']] <!-- November 2007 -->
*[[Starships of the Galaxy (Saga Edition)|''Starships of the Galaxy'']] <!-- December 2007 -->
*''[[Galaxy Tiles]]'' <!-- January 2008 -->
*''[[Threats of the Galaxy]]'' <!-- May 2008 -->
*''[[Star Wars Blueprints: The Ultimate Collection]]'' <!-- August 2008 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=kids/read/cwspotter20080822.html?page=1|text=Checklist: 10 Things to Spot in ''The Clone Wars''|archivedate=20080826050315}} <!-- August 2008 -->
*{{SWGTCG|set=Champions of the Force (SWGTCG)|cardname=In the Crosshairs}} <!-- August 2008 -->
*''[[The Force Unleashed Campaign Guide]]'' <!-- September 2008 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode001.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Ambush|archivedate=20110712020231}} <!-- October 2008 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode005.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Rookies|archivedate=20110903084330}} <!-- October 2008 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode006.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Downfall of a Droid|archivedate=20110711104945}} <!-- November 2008 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode007.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Duel of the Droids|archivedate=20110629042554}} <!-- November 2008 -->
*[[Scum and Villainy (sourcebook)|''Scum and Villainy'']] <!-- November 2008 -->
*''[[The Complete Star Wars Encyclopedia]]'' <!-- December 2008 -->
*''[[The Clone Wars Campaign Guide]]'' <!-- January 2009 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode013.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Jedi Crash|archivedate=20110717065904}} <!-- January 2009 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode014.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Defenders of Peace|archivedate=20110717064732}} <!-- January 2009 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode016.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: The Hidden Enemy|archivedate=20110807053657}} <!-- February 2009 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode018.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Mystery of a Thousand Moons|archivedate=20110808084109}} <!-- February 2009 -->
*{{Topps|set=2009 Topps Star Wars Galaxy Series 4|cardname=Unscheduled Cargo Drop}} <!-- February 2009 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode020.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Innocents of Ryloth|archivedate=20110809030659}} <!-- March 2009 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode021.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Liberty on Ryloth|archivedate=20110717065909}} <!-- March 2009 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode022.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Hostage Crisis|archivedate=20110630093108}} <!-- March 2009 -->
*{{SWGTCG|set=Galactic Hunters|cardname=Hoth Travel Advertisement}} <!-- March 2009 -->
*{{SWGTCG|set=Galactic Hunters|cardname=Mustafar Travel Advertisement}}
*{{SWGTCG|set=Galactic Hunters|cardname=Walter Emanus' Lost Journal}}
*{{SWGTCG|set=Galactic Hunters|cardname=Adaptive Biology}}
*{{SWGTCG|set=Agents of Deception|cardname=Han Solo}} <!-- June 2009 -->
*{{SWGTCG|set=Agents of Deception|cardname=Max Rebo's Greatest Hits}}
*{{SWGTCG|set=Agents of Deception|cardname=Smuggler's Handbook}}
*{{SWGTCG|set=Agents of Deception|cardname=Tatooine Travel Advertisement}}
*{{SWGTCG|set=Agents of Deception|cardname=Unauthorized Access}}
*''[[The Art of Star Wars: The Clone Wars]]'' <!-- July 2009 -->
*''[[The Essential Atlas]]'' <!-- August 2009 -->
*''[[Galaxy at War]]'' <!-- September 2009 -->
*{{SWGTCG|set=The Shadow Syndicate|cardname=Theater Poster: A Forbidden Love}} <!-- September 2009 -->
*{{SWGTCG|set=The Shadow Syndicate|cardname=Han Solo}}
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode201.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Holocron Heist|archivedate=20110712010046}} <!-- October 2. 2009 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode204.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Senate Spy|archivedate=20110819210357}} <!-- October 16. 2009 -->
*''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars &ndash; The Official Episode Guide: Season 1]]'' <!-- October 29. 2009 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode205.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Landing at Point Rain|archivedate=20110621114454}} <!-- November 2009 -->
*''[[Scavenger's Guide to Droids]]'' <!-- November 2009 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode208.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Brain Invaders|archivedate=20110905151608}} <!-- December 2009 -->
*{{SWGTCG|set=The Nightsister's Revenge|cardname=Holocron of Heresies}} <!-- December 2009 -->
*{{SWGTCG|set=The Nightsister's Revenge|cardname=Ord Mantell Travel Advertisement}}
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode210.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: The Deserter|archivedate=20110629042704}} <!--January 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode211.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Lightsaber Lost|archivedate=20110615135637}} <!--January 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/news20100121ads/index.html|text=Coruscant Billboard from ''The Clone Wars''|archivedate=20100211001635}} <!--January 2010 -->
*''[[Galaxy of Intrigue]]'' <!--January 2010 -->
*{{Hyperspace|url=fans/hyperspace/source/writtenword/index.html?page=7|text=The Written Word|int=The Written Word}}<!--March 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode216.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Cat and Mouse|archivedate=20110713001323}} <!--March 2010 -->
*{{SWGTCG|set=Threat of the Conqueror|cardname=CorSec Ivestigator}} <!--March 2010 -->
*{{SWGTCG|set=Threat of the Conqueror|cardname=Lando Blue Milk Poster}}
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode217.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Bounty Hunters|archivedate=20110615140336}} <!--April 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode218.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: The Zillo Beast|archivedate=20110618103523}} <!--April 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode221.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: R2 Come Home|archivedate=20110905141217}} <!--April 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode222.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Lethal Trackdown|archivedate=20110905151140}} <!--April 2010 -->
*{{InsiderCite|118|Launchpad|Launch Pad}} <!--June 2010-->
*''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars Character Encyclopedia]]'' <!--July 2010 -->
*''[[Star Wars Blueprints: Rebel Edition]]'' <!--July 2010 -->
*''[[Star Wars: Millennium Falcon: A 3-D Owner's Guide]]'' <!--September 2010 -->
*[[The Jedi Path: A Manual for Students of the Force (real-life book)|''The Jedi Path: A Manual for Students of the Force'']] <!--September 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode302.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: ARC Troopers|archivedate=20110802055622}} <!--September 17. 2010 -->
*''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars Official Episode Guide Series 1 & 2]]'' <!--September 30. 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode305.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Corruption|archivedate=20110828134217}} <!--October 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode306.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: The Academy|archivedate=20110828134359}} {{C|{{Imo}}}} <!--October 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode307.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Assassin|archivedate=20110623084401}} <!--October 2010 -->
*[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars The Complete Season Two|''Star Wars: The Clone Wars'' The Complete Season Two]] <!--October 2010 -->
*''[[Star Wars Art: Visions]]'' <!--October/November 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode308.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Evil Plans|archivedate=20110902130517}} {{Imo}} <!--November 2010 -->
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode310.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Heroes on Both Sides|archivedate=20110629044901}} {{Imo}}
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode312.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Nightsisters|archivedate=20110114232107}} <!--January 2011 -->
*{{Topps|set=2011 Topps Star Wars Galaxy Series 6|subset=Artist Sketch Cards by [[Shea Standefer]]}}
*{{SWArchive|url=theclonewars/guide/episode322.html|text=''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide: Wookiee Hunt|archivedate=20110630162442}}
*''[[How to Speak Wookiee: A Manual for Intergalactic Communication]]'' <!--September 2011 -->
*''[[Star Wars: Darth Vader: A 3-D Reconstruction Log]]'' <!--October 2011 -->
*[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars The Complete Season Three|''Star Wars: The Clone Wars'' The Complete Season Three]] <!--October 2011 -->
*''[[The Art and Making of Star Wars: The Old Republic]]'' <!--November 2011 -->
*''[[Star Wars: The Old Republic Explorer's Guide]]''
*''[[Millennium Falcon Owner's Workshop Manual]]'' <!--January 2012 -->
*''[[Book of Sith: Secrets from the Dark Side]]'' <!--February 2012 -->
*''[[Star Wars: The Secret Life of Droids]]'' <!--March 2012 -->
*''[[The Essential Guide to Warfare]]'' <!--April 2012 -->
*{{InsiderCite|133|Rogues Gallery (Star Wars Insider)|Rogues Gallery}} <!--May 2012 -->
*[[Galactic Passport (real-life artifact)|''Galactic Passport'']] <!--August 2012-->
*[[Star Wars: Edge of the Empire Beta|''Star Wars: Edge of the Empire'' Beta]]
*''[[The Essential Reader's Companion]]'' <!--October 2. 2012; image of Jag and Jaina-->
*''[[Star Wars: The Old Republic Encyclopedia]]'' <!--October 15. 2012 -->
*''[[Star Wars: A Galactic Pop-Up Adventure]]'' <!--October 16. 2012 -->
*[[Star Wars: Edge of the Empire Beginner Game|''Star Wars: Edge of the Empire'' Beginner Game]] <!--December 2012-->
*{{FFGTCG|set=Star Wars: The Card Game Core Set|cardname=The Hand's Blessing}} <!--December 20. 2012-->
*{{InsiderCite|139|Launchpad|Launch Pad}} <!--January 2013 -->
*''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars: Episode Guide]]'' <!--June 2013-->
*[[Star Wars: Edge of the Empire Core Rulebook|''Star Wars: Edge of the Empire'' Core Rulebook]] <!--July 5. 2013-->
*{{FFGTCG|set=Edge of Darkness|cardname=Hive of Scum and Villainy}} <!--July. 19 13-->
*{{FFGTCG|set=Edge of Darkness|cardname=The Shadow of Nar Shaddaa}}
*[[Star Wars: Complete Vehicles (2013)|''Star Wars: Complete Vehicles'']] {{C|[[TIE Advanced x1/Legends|TIE Advanced x1]]}} <!--July 26. 13-->
*{{SW|url=news/join-the-rebellion|text=Seen a ghost?}} <!--July 2013-->
*''[[How to Speak Droid with R2-D2: A Communication Manual]]'' <!--August 13-->
*{{FFGTCG|set=Escape from Hoth|cardname=ISB Liaison}} <!--September 2013-->
*''[[Star Wars Art: Concept]]'' <!--October 15. 2013-->
*''[[The Bounty Hunter Code: From the Files of Boba Fett]]''<!--October 15. 2013-->
*''[[Death Star Owner's Technical Manual]]'' <!--November 13-->
*''[[Enter the Unknown]]'' {{Po}} <!--December 6. 2013-->
*{{FFGTCG|set=Balance of the Force|cardname=Agent of the Hand}} <!--December 13. 2013-->
*{{FFGTCG|set=Balance of the Force|cardname=Mara Jade}}
*''[[Suns of Fortune]]'' {{Po}} <!--January 2014-->
*''[[Dangerous Covenants]]'' {{Po}} <!--February 2014-->
*''[[The Jewel of Yavin]]'' <!--March 2014-->
*{{FFGTCG|set=Lure of the Dark Side|cardname=Shifty Lookout}} <!--April 18. 2014-->
*''[[Star Wars: Age of Rebellion Beginner Game]]'' <!--April 2014-->
*{{SW|url=news/take-me-out-to-the-ballgame-sports-in-the-star-wars-galaxy-part-2|int=Sports in the Star Wars Galaxy|text=Take Me Out to the Ball Game: Sports in the ''Star Wars'' Galaxy, Part 2}} {{Po}} <!--June 2014-->
*[[Star Wars: Age of Rebellion Core Rulebook|''Star Wars: Age of Rebellion'' Core Rulebook]] <!--July 1. 2014-->
*''[[Star Wars: Age of Rebellion: Game Master's Kit]]'' <!--July 1. 2014-->
*''[[Far Horizons]]'' {{Po}} <!--August 2014-->
*''[[Star Wars: Imperial Handbook: A Commander's Guide]]'' <!--October 2014-->
*''[[Mask of the Pirate Queen]]'' <!--November 19. 2015-->
*''[[Endless Vigil]]'' <!--October 2016-->
*[[The Holonet|''The Old Republic'' Holonet]]
*{{SWE|groups|coruscant-underworld-police|Coruscant underworld police}} {{Po}}
*{{SWE|characters|clonecommanderponds|Clone Commander Ponds}}
*{{SWE|technology|republic-police-gunship|Republic police gunship}} {{Po}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep118|text="Mystery of a Thousand Moons" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 9}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep201|text="Holocron Heist" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 10}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep205|text="Landing at Point Rain" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 2}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep206|text="Weapons Factory" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 10}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep211|text="Lightsaber Lost" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 10}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep215|text="Senate Murders" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 8}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep218|text="The Zillo Beast" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 1, 10}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep222|text="Lethal Trackdown" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 4, 7 – 9}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep301|text="Clone Cadets" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 3}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep305|text="Corruption" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 8 – 9}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep308|text="Evil Plans" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 2 – 3}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep310|text="Heroes on Both Sides" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 6}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep311|text="Pursuit of Peace" - The Clone Wars Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 9}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep321|text="Padawan Lost" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 4, 6}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep320|text="Citadel Rescue" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 10}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep401|text="Water War" - The Clone Wars Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 6}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep411|text="Kidnapped" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide"}} {{C|Slide 4}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep413|text="Escape from Kadavo" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 3 – 5}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep415|text="Deception" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 1, 4 – 5}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep416|text="Friends and Enemies" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 11}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep418|text="Crisis on Naboo" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 4}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep421|text="Brothers" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 6 – 7}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep421|text="Brothers" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 2}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep422|text="Revenge" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 2}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep501|text="Revival" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 6}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep510|text="Secret Weapons" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 4, 8 – 9}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep511|text="A Sunny Day in the Void" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 8}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep512|text="Missing in Action" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 9}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep512|text="Missing in Action" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 2 – 3, 9, 11 – 13}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep516|text="The Lawless" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 5}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep517|text="Sabotage" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 6, 8}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep517|text="Sabotage" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 3 – 4}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep518|text="The Jedi Who Knew Too Much" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 9}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep518|text="The Jedi Who Knew Too Much" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 5}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep519|text="To Catch a Jedi" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 4 – 5}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep519|text="To Catch a Jedi" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 1, 3, 6 – 8, 10}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep604|text="Orders" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 3 – 4}} {{Po}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep604|text="Orders" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 3 – 4}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep605|text="An Old Friend" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 5 – 6}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep606|text="The Rise of Clovis" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slides 1 – 2}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep607|text="Crisis at the Heart" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 1}}
*{{SW|url=explore/the-clone-wars/ep610|text="The Lost One" - ''The Clone Wars'' Episode Guide}} {{C|Slide 2}}
*<!-- 2014/10/20 -->''[[Star Wars: Imperial Handbook: A Commander's Guide]]''
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20170321|text=Cartel Market Specials: Week of March 20, 2017}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20170329|text=Cartel Market Specials: Week of March 27, 2017}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20170404|text=Cartel Market Specials: Week of April 3, 2017}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20170412|text=Cartel Market Specials: Week of April 10, 2017}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20170516|text=Steadfast Champion Pack Hits the Cartel Market}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20170613|text=Cartel Market Specials: Week of June 12, 2017}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20170613-0|text=Kick off your 'Summer of SWTOR'!}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20170627|text=Strike fear on the Battlefield with the Dread Warlord Cartel Pack}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20170829|text=Precious Cargo Pack: Now Live on the Cartel Market}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20170918|text=Cartel Market Specials: Week of September 19, 2017}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20171010|text=Singularity Pack: Now Live on the Cartel Market}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20171017-0|text=First Look: 'Traitor Among The Chiss' Teaser}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20171108-0|text=Cartel Market Specials: Week of November 8, 2017}}
*{{TORweb|url=info/news/news-article/20171113|text=Cartel Market Specials: Week of November 13, 2017}}
}}


==Notes and references==
==Notes and references==
Line 431: Line 205:
==External links==
==External links==
*{{Cite_web|url=http://www.echostation.com/features/aurebesh.htm|title=Aurebesh Soup: Recipe for a Star Wars Font Phenomenon|author=[[Stephen Crane|Crane, Stephen]]|date=2000-10-21|work=echostation.com|archivedate=20160520153232|nolive=1}}
*{{Cite_web|url=http://www.echostation.com/features/aurebesh.htm|title=Aurebesh Soup: Recipe for a Star Wars Font Phenomenon|author=[[Stephen Crane|Crane, Stephen]]|date=2000-10-21|work=echostation.com|archivedate=20160520153232|nolive=1}}
{{Interlang
|de=Aurebesh#legends
|es=Aurebesh/Leyendas
|hu=Aurebesh
|it=Aurebesh
|ka=ორებეში/ლეგენდები
|nl=Aurebesh
|pl=Aurebesh
|pt=Legends:Aurebesh
|ru=Ауребеш
|tr=Aurebesh/Legends
}}


[[Category:Alphabets]]
[[Category:Alphabets]]
[[Category:Aurebesh| ]]
[[Category:Aurebesh| ]]
[[Category:Writing systems]]
[[Category:Writing systems]]

Latest revision as of 05:15, 17 February 2023

Aurebesh
The Aurebesh
Aurek Besh Cresh Dorn Esk Forn Grek Herf Isk
Jenth Krill Leth Mern Nern Osk Peth Qek
Resh Senth Trill Usk Vev Wesk Xesh Yirt Zerek
Cherek Enth Onith Krenth Nen Orenth Shen Thesh

Aurebesh was a writing system commonly used to represent the Basic language. Its name was a portmanteau of its first two letters, Aurek and Besh. Aurebesh was commonly used by major governments from the Galactic Empire to the Confederacy of Independent Systems.

Features

Aurebesh implemented consonants, vowels, digraphs, and punctuation marks. Words were separated by spaces. Aurebesh could be written mainly left-to-right or up-to-down. All letters are the same relative size, although occasionally symbols were mirror-inverted to denote capital letters. The symbol for the Republic Credit was a Resh (R for Republic) with two vertical lines through the upper half of the symbol. Letters of the alphabet were also used to denote musical keys, such as the key of Cresh.

While the Aurebesh had several glyphs that corresponded to digraphs in the High Galactic alphabet, they were frequently disregarded. For example, the sound "oo,"[1] that was properly noted using Orenth, was frequently spelled with a double Osk.[2] Similarly, the letter Thesh was often replaced by a combination of Trill and Herf.[3] Such was also the case for Cherek and Shen, often written respectively with combinations of Cresh and Herf and Senth and Herf.[4]

Letters and numerals

Letter Name
Meaning
Letter Name
Meaning
Letter Name
Meaning
Letter Name
Meaning
Letter Name
Meaning
Letter Name
Meaning
Letter Name
Meaning
Aurek Aurek
A
Besh Besh
B
Cresh Cresh
C
Dorn Dorn
D
Esk Esk
E
Forn Forn
F
Grek Grek
G
Herf Herf
H
Isk Isk
I
Jenth Jenth
J
Krill Krill
K
Leth Leth
L
Mern Mern
M
Nern Nern
N
Osk Osk
O
Peth Peth
P
Qek Qek
Q
Resh Resh
R
Senth Senth
S
Trill Trill
T
Usk Usk
U
Vev Vev
V
Wesk Wesk
W
Xesh Xesh
X
Yirt Yirt
Y
Zerek Zerek
Z
Cherek Cherek
CH
Enth Enth
Æ
Onith Onith
EO
Krenth Krenth
KH
Nen Nen
NG
Orenth Orenth
OO
Shen Shen
SH
Thesh Thesh
TH
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6
7 7 8 8 9 9 0 0 Plus + Minus


Behind the scenes

Evolution

The tractor beam information gauge, as it appears in the original Star Wars: Episode IV A New Hope (top) and the 2004 DVD version (bottom)

The Aurebesh-like writing that appears in the original trilogy is totally random and it is believed that the filmmakers did not intend to write any meaningful text with it. The letters were first assigned Roman equivalents by Stephen Crane at West End Games in the Star Wars Miniatures Battles Companion (1994), for use with the Star Wars Miniatures Battles game and Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game. The Aurebesh was later expanded to include punctuation marks in the Star Wars Miniatures Battles supplement, Imperial Entanglements (1996).

This original Aurebesh is occasionally used in electronic and board games such as Star Wars Monopoly. Since the letters in the movies are random, the assignment of the West End Games values to the inscriptions of the movies produces nonsensical results—most words seen in the movies appear to consist solely of consonants, and some letters appear on screen that are absent from the West End Games Aurebesh.

In the 2004 DVD release of A New Hope, and the Blu-ray version, the words displaying information as Obi-Wan Kenobi deactivates the tractor beam on the Death Star, which were written using the Roman alphabet in previous releases, are now in the Aurebesh. Aurebesh can also be seen in the prequel trilogy.

Origin

The word "Aurebesh" was developed in a manner similar to the word alphabet, which is derived from the first two letters of the Phoenician/Greek alphabet (alpha and beta).

In-universe sources show Arabic numbers; however, one of the fan-made fonts (discussed below) presents a numerical system based on dots and lines.

In many instances, the sounds "ch," "sh," and "th" are written using Aurebesh exactly as they would be in English (cresh-herf, senth-herf, and trill-herf, respectively), despite separate letters existing in Aurebesh for those sounds (cherek, shen, and thesh, respectively). While it is possible that these instances represent legitimate in-universe variations of the sound-values for the letters in question, it is more likely that they represent errors on the part of the real-world transliterators (who are understandably more used to employing digraphs than employing single letters to write these sounds).

Appearances

Sources

Explore all of Wookieepedia's images for this article subject.

Notes and references

External links